Emigration policy
Z Encyklopedia Administracji Publicznej
EMIGRATION POLICY – activity of state authorities covering matters related to the foreign travels of its citizens or persons permanently residing on the territory of a given country. In the European Union, a person's right to freely choose where to live is now recognized as one of the key privileges of its citizens. Purpose of e.p. is to manage spatial population movements so as to prevent depopulation of part of a territory of a given country. Moderate departures from overcrowded areas have a beneficial effect on the population structure. Massive, spontaneous departures lead to a disruption of the population structure and to the depopulation of entire areas. In the second decade of the 21st century, the EU resumed work on issues related to e.p. This resulted in draft regulations related to tax on emigration. The emigration of an educated citizen of working age means a loss to society and the economy of the state. Compensation can occur through the transfer of earnings to the country of origin, arrivals of immigrants from other countries or an increase in the number of births. Among modern mass emigration one should mention post-accession travels of Polish, Romanian and Bulgarian citizens to the western part of the EU. [P. Hut]
Literature: J. Balicki, E. Frątczak, Ch. B. Nam, Mechanizmy przemian ludnościowych. Globalna polityka ludnościowa [Mechanisms of population change. Global population policy], Warsaw 2003 ■ P. Hut, Migracja i pojęcia pokrewne [w:] W kręgu pojęć i zagadnień współczesnej polityki społecznej [Migration and related concepts [in:] In the concepts and issues of contemporary social policy], edited by B. Rysz-Kowalczyk, B. Szatur-Jaworska, Warsaw 2016 ■ A. Maryański, Migracje w świecie [Migration in the world], Warsaw 1984.