Encyklopedia Administracji Publicznej MW Pivot Skin

IMMIGRATION POLICY – organized activity of state authorities (central and local government), as well as non-governmental organizations, including arrivals and stays of foreigners, including: → repatriation policy and → asylum policy. I.p. is implemented on the basis of regulations determining the rules of arrival and stay on the territory of a given country. The purpose of i.p. is the management of spatial population movements, which leads to obtaining the desired structure of the population in a given administrative unit and / or granting international protection to foreigners who have reasonable concerns about their own security in their country of origin. Currently in the European Union i.p. is implemented by individual countries and falls within the scope of internal affairs, but should nevertheless be based on shared values and take into account the important goals of EU Member States. I.p. implemented by local self-governments includes activities within the competence of the authorities of individual self-government units (mainly communes) aimed at limiting or encouraging repatriates and foreigners to settle and stay on their territory. It includes active support in finding employment, enabling education at various levels, ensuring security, housing policy and health protection. I.p. implemented by non-governmental organizations mainly consists of activities directed at the host society as well as repatriates and foreigners. Information campaigns on repatriates and foreigners are addressed to the host society, while repatriates and foreigners are undergoing measures to support adaptation and integration processes in the host country. An important goal pursued by NGOs is counteracting violence and trafficking of human beings. In Poland and other EU Member States i.p. is the subject of acute axiological dispute, focused primarily on the issue of the influx of foreigners from third countries. The population structure of all EU Member States undergoes negative demographic processes, such as population aging due to the low fertility rate preventing simple generation replacement, as well as overpopulation of metropolitan cities and depopulation of rural areas. I.p. is treated as an instrument for compensating losses in the population structure so as to ensure that the needs and individual functions of the social groups are met. After World War II, i.p. in Western European countries began to rely increasingly on immigrants from other continents. Its effect is the creation of a large number of non-European diaspora groups in western EU countries. [P. Hut]