Polityka migracyjna/en

MIGRATION POLICY – in a broader sense (external m.p.), it is the organized activity of state bodies (central and local government), as well as non-governmental organizations, including departures and arrivals of nationals of a given country, as well as arrivals and departures of foreigners (including repatriates). M.p. is implemented on the basis of regulations determining the rules of arrival, stay and departure from the territory of a given country. In a narrower sense (internal m.p.), it is the creation of conditions for the movement of people within individual administrative units of a given country. The goal m.p. is the management of spatial population movements, which leads to obtaining the desired structure of the population in a given administrative unit and at the same time prevents illegal migration and related undesirable phenomena. Currently in the European Union m.p. is implemented by individual countries and falls within the scope of internal affairs, but should nevertheless be based on shared values and take into account the important goals of EU Member States. Currently, EU countries do not have a significant impact on their → emigration policy, but have developed extensive legislation defining the rules for entering and staying in their territories in terms of → immigration policy, including → repatriation policy and → asylum policy. M.p. implemented by local governments includes activities within the competences of the authorities of individual local government units (mainly municipalities), aimed at limiting or encouraging the departure of their residents and limiting or encouraging the settlement and stay of repatriates and foreigners on their territory. It includes active support in finding employment, enabling education at various levels, ensuring security, housing policy and health protection. M.p. implemented by non-governmental organizations mainly consists of activities directed at the host society and foreigners (including repatriates). Information campaigns on repatriates and foreigners are directed to the host society, while actions are being carried out to support adaptation and integration processes in the host country towards repatriates and foreigners. An important goal pursued by NGOs is counteracting violence and trafficking of human beings. In Poland and other EU Member States m.p. is the subject of acute axiological dispute, focused primarily on the issue of the influx of foreigners from third countries. [P. Hut]

Literatura: P. Hut, Migracja i pojęcia pokrewne [w:] W kręgu pojęć i zagadnień współczesnej polityki społecznej, red. B. Rysz-Kowalczyk, B. Szatur-Jaworska, Warszawa 2016 ■ Polityka migracyjna jako instrument promocji zatrudnienia i ograniczenia bezrobocia, red. P. Kaczmarek, M. Okólski, Warszawa 2008.