Naczelna Izba Gospodarcza/en

SUPREME CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - (NIG) ̶ planned nationwide chamber of economic self-government, provided for in both pre-war constitutions, however, it was never established. The constitutional goal of → economic self-government was the cooperation of the chambers with state authorities in managing economic life and in terms of legislative intentions. The idea of the chamber as a national representation of economic life was brought to the constitutional order by socialists (Mieczysław Niedziałkowski) and endeks (priest Kazimierz Lutosławski). Józef Buzek and Edward Dubanowicz were very active in this field. In the light of art. 68 of the Constitution of 1921, it was to be created by chambers of agriculture, commerce, industry, craft, wage labor and others. Chambers of agriculture (1928), chambers of industry and commerce (1927) and crafts (1927) were organized, however, no chambers of work were established and this was a formal obstacle to the establishment of the NIG according to the constitutional order of 1921. In the 1930s interest in the chamber's affairs weakened . In disputes over the national representation of economic interests, apart from the NIG, two other solutions appeared, i.e. the senate as (in part or in whole) the economic and professional chamber and central associations of individual types of economic self-government (e.g. the Association of Chambers of Commerce and Industry, the Association of Chamber of Crafts, Association of Agricultural Chambers and Organizations). The NIG and the associations of the chambers were recognized by the creators of the Constitution of 1935, however it had a weaker position in these provisions than the Basic Law of 1921. Chambers of economic self-government, i.e. chambers of agriculture, industry and commerce, crafts, labor, liberal professions, and other public law associations could join the associations of the chambers (e.g. the Association of Polish Chambers of Agriculture and Organizations, the Association of Polish Chambers of Commerce and Industry) and NIG could be established next to them. According to art. 76 NIG could be appointed to consider issues related to the overall economic life, to give opinions on draft economic laws and to harmonize activities in individual branches of the national economy. The establishment of the NIG aroused keen interest of economic and professional organizations, the state factor and experts on constitutional law. Władysław Leopold Jaworski, Stanisław Kutaże, Konstanty Grzybowski. E. Dubanowicz published the full draft of the unreacted law on NIG in 1945 [A. Szustek]

Literature: A. Szustek, Self-government - economic self-government - other types of self-government. Conceptual grid, theoretical approach and methodological issues, Warsaw 2017 ■ A. Szustek, Supreme Chamber of Commerce, Warsaw 2017.