Encyklopedia Administracji Publicznej MW Pivot Skin

PUBLIC POLICIES – these are activities carried out by public authorities, above all the government and local government. P.p. are carried out in more or less separated areas of social life through the use of specific technologies that give these policies a technical character and seemingly depoliticise them. The elements of applied technologies are in this case: available means, various techniques, types of justifications of actions taken, knowledge of decision-makers or their skills. The formulation of p.p. in the classical sense includes: 1. analysis of processes taking place in the environment of the political system, which is aimed at recognizing some of the “problems” as a matter of p.p. and then as issues of broadening the political system’s agenda; 2. analysis of interests that determine the policy formation process; 3. material consequences and distribution and recognizable benefits that result from the p.p. and their implementation. Claus Offe points out that besides the above-mentioned factors, formal procedures or an institutionalized method of dealing with problem situations in the environment of the political system are equally important determinants in the implementation of public policies [ Ł. Małecki-Tepicht ].

Literature: J. Hausner, Polityka a polityka publiczna, „Zarządzanie Publiczne” 2007, nr 1 ■ C. Offe, Teoria państwa kapitalistycznego a problem formowania polityki publicznej, „Zarządzanie Publiczne” 2008, nr 2.